Introduction: Purpose

General Information

Formal disclosure, credits and grades

Personal Bio Writing Assignment

Research Paper Process

Research Paper Requirement

The overall purpose of this seminar is to explore, from horizon to horizon, the full 180-degree sweep of what we mean by "legal services" and the ways in which they are funded. How (a) has this been done in the past, (b) is it done now, and (c) might it be done in the future?

Otherwise put, what are the range of entrepreneurial and other opportunities open to you once you graduate?

To further explain, the focus is not on the variety of subject matter areas (e.g., patent law, tax law), or activities (e.g., court room litigation, office practice). We will, rather, explore the source of funds and theory of payment. Three illustrative examples might include (a) conventional hourly billing for legal work, (b) the contingent fee alternative (that makes quality legal service potentially available to those otherwise unable to afford it), or (c) public interest non-profit lawyers (funded by, say, foundation grants, or settlements and judgments).

Students will be encouraged to be innovative in coming up with new, and as yet untried, ideas for funding legal services.

Enrollment is limited in accordance with the College of Law requirements and registration process regarding seminars. Participants are responsible for familiarity with the relevant portions of the University of Iowa College of Law Student Handbook 2001-2002.

The experience is designed to serve a variety of students in a variety of ways.

• Some students will approach the seminar from a realization that the 21st Century is much less likely to provide “jobs” (in the 1950s sense), and more likely to demand entrepreneurial creativity.  The seminar will help them to think of innovative ways to support themselves financially.

• Some may think in terms of more traditional jobs with traditional law firms, but want to focus a bit more on the economic realities before they show up for work.

• And some will be thinking of “justice for all,” and methods of funding legal services for the poor or other “public interest” representation.

Among the greatest resources of any law school are not only the intellectual quality of its students, but also their diversity of background and experience.  We are particularly blessed in that respect at the University of Iowa College of Law.

The more we can all know about each other, and the resources we bring to the classroom, the more each of us can take from it.  Besides, it's more fun knowing who these folks are with whom you are about to be locked in a room for 14 evenings.

So, please hand in (to Jessie Kriebs, Room 405) by September 7 a brief, one-page essay about yourself that can be shared with other members of the class.  You need not, but may, examine examples in bio booklets from past classes, available from Ms. Kriebs.  We'll put together a comparable one for our class, make copies, and give you one.

Obviously, if there is anything you want to keep to yourself you are a skillful enough writer to do so.  There's nothing you must include.

But while you wait for the muse to strike, be aware that the following kinds of things would be interesting and useful:  (1) something of your family, community and upbringing, (2) early ambitions, goals or professional interests, (3) college majors, intellectual interests, activities, (4) work, travel or other job related experiences, (5) your current obligations and environment outside of law school (e.g., marital and parental status or other family responsibilities, nature and demands of outside employment, hobbies or other activities), (6) areas of specialization in law school, student activities, or legal internships, and (7) future goals, expectations and plans for using your legal education.

Deadlines. Please remember that your failure to get your bio in on time means the whole project must be postponed until you do.

Format Request.  Please use (1) one page maximum, (2) single spaced, (3) using a computer printer or typewriter that creates copy sufficiently dark to make machine copies possible, (3) one inch (or greater) margins all around, (4) a heading that includes your name, date, and “Personal Bio,” (5) any reasonable font.

Papers will be required, and will ultimately become part of a Web site with the student work, and links to other resources, as a service of the University of Iowa College of Law to the legal profession. An oral presentation of the paper is also required.

 Last year's Web site, with links to student work, is available if you'd like to look at it.

Preparation of papers will require meeting a number of "milepost" deadlines throughout the semester, with penalties for late completion. An evolving memo explaining the process in detail is available.

• Examples of mileposts include selection of topic, completion of initial research, preparation of an outline (or rough first draft), first draft, and (in accordance with the College of Law's requirement for seminar credit) final draft, an oral presentation to the class, and preparation of the paper for Web posting. The Research Papers Schedule of mileposts is provided elsewhere on this Web site.

• In other words, preparation of the paper is not something that can be postponed to the end of the semester.

Casebook: There is no assigned casebook as such. Seminar readings will, to the extent possible, be drawn from the Internet (plus Westlaw and Lexis). The initial reading assignments are now posted as a link from the main class Web page. Others will be found and shared with seminar participants by students, either in connection with papers or generally.

Class meeting: The seminar meets Thursday evenings, 6:15 to 8:15 p.m., in Room 125.

Note: The time above, 6:15 p.m., will remain the default until changed. It is what the instructor was notified by the administration was to be the starting time. However, at the first seminar session, August 30, it was noted by some participants that one official notice indicated that time would be 6:30. Others (who have a long drive home after seminar) requested 6:00 p.m. This will be either discussed in class or handled by way of e-mail poll. Depending upon the numbers of supporters, and the depth of their feeling on the matter, the starting time may be changed. Until then, however, it remains at 6:15 p.m.

Note: I regret the necessity of including some of what follows. It is totally irrelevant for that 90 percent or more of law students who take their education seriously, prepare for and attend class regularly, meet all deadlines as a matter of course, do their best, and otherwise demonstrate a sense of professional responsibility. However, (a) the University and College of Law require it, (b) there are sometimes one or two students for whom it is necessary, and (c) some of it is simply factual information all will want to know.

The University and College of Law require a formal "Disclosure of Course Information to Students." For the most part, for purposes of this seminar, that information is found within the University of Iowa College of Law Student Handbook 2001-2002. You either have, or have access to, this handbook, and have responsibility for knowing such of its provisions as are applicable to this seminar. By way of illustrations:

Sec. 3.3.1.2, at pp. 31-32, provides that one writing credit ("unit") requires a minimum of 20 pages "exclusive of footnotes" (you may, of course, write more; and additional instructions and guidance regarding the preparation and grading of seminar papers is provided elsewhere on this Web site).

Sec. 3.2.3.3 provides that "faculty members have discretion to award each writing student up to one academic credit for each semester hour that the seminar meets as a group and one academic credit for each writing unit earned." [emphasis added.] Thus, although the credit is discretionary, not automatic, a student who produces a satisfactory seminar paper of 40 pages or more of text, plus endnotes, could earn as much as four academic credits (two for the seminar plus two for the paper) and two writing credits.

There are provisions for accommodations for students with disabilities. Ombudspersons are available to seminar participants from the University, the College of Law, and from within the seminar itself.

Because there was no mention of a final exam prior to the first seminar session the rules preclude the use of one without the agreement of the seminar participants. On the one hand a final represents more work for instructor and participants alike. On the other hand, many students prefer not to have their entire grade rest upon one paper and class participation. For that reason, the use of a final exam is recommended. But the use of one will, now, require the prior unanimous agreement (and participation) of all seminar participants. This will be discussed in class and/or decided by e-mail poll.

If class discussion on the readings lags, or for any other reason, the instructor reserves the right to use quizzes over the readings. This will normally follow advance notice. If quizzes are used, the results will be included in the "seminar participation" portion of the final seminar grade.

The final seminar grade for each participant, if there is no final, will be the sum of (1) 65 % of the grades on the research paper (60 % on the "first final" draft, 20 % on the "final, final" draft and HTML-formatable text, and 20% on the pre-"first final" drafts (e.g., topic selection, outline, research)), and (2) 35 % on the variety of seminar participation opportunities (e.g., discussion during seminar sessions, the quantity and quality of Web sites offered for the seminar bibliography links, conferences with the instructor, the oral presentation of the participant's paper, or the active participation during the presentation of others' papers). This includes the demonstrations of professionalism discussed in the assigned paper "So You Want to be a Lawyer." (Thus, note that while attendance per se does not affect the seminar grade, it necessarily does affect the credit earned for participation in seminar sessions discussion.)

If there is a final examination, the total percentage for the paper will drop to 50 %, participation to 25%, and the final will count for 25 %.

University, College of Law, AALS and ABA requirements provide that students must be in "regular attendance." For purposes of this seminar "regular" is defined as 75 % attendance, or 11 of the 14 sessions. There are no "excused" or "unexcused" absences, only absences. As the Handbook provides, p. 39, "A student may be dropped from a course or failed, at the discretion of the instructor, for excessive absences or for repeated lack of adequate preparation for class." Thus, participants are encouraged to "save" the three permitted absences for emergencies, or "fly-backs," toward the end of the semester rather than risk being dropped because they were used early and then an emergency arose.

Note, of course, that a participant who is absent at a seminar session at which s/he is scheduled to present a paper risks failing the seminar or being dropped (because such an absence would affect every seminar participant). With a week or more advance notice (because papers must be available to participants in advance of the seminar session at which they are presented) presentation dates may be revised -- if (a) the participant can find someone with whom to swap dates and (b) the instructor is notified and (c) approves. Obviously, this is a good reason to schedule to present early, as there is no way to make up for an emergency cancellation on the last seminar session.

A failure to meet milepost deadlines will result in a lower grade for that portion of the assigned work. A failure to have met all mileposts, including conferences, and the presentation of a "final, final" draft in a form capable of being transformed into HTML by the end of the semester's examination period, may, in the discretion of the instructor, result in a failing grade (rather than an "incomplete") for the seminar.